References
Abrahamse, A. F., & Ebener, P. A. (1991). An experimental evaluation of the Phoenix repeat offender program. Justice Quarterly, 8(2), 141–68.
Altbeker, A. (2006). Cars and robbers: Has car theft crime prevention worked too well? ISS Paper 124. Pretoria, South Africa: Institute for Security Studies.
Bergal, J. (2020, October 21). Carjackings, delivery vehicle thefts spike during pandemic. Stateline. https://www.pewtrusts.org/en/research-and-analysis/blogs/stateline/2020/...
Brown, D. O. (2022). Chicago Police Department: 2021 in review. Chicago: Chicago Police Department. Accessed on June 4, 2022, from https://home.chicagopolice.org/chicago-police-department-2021-year-in-re...
Cesar G. T., & Decker, S. H. (2017). Cold-blooded and badass: A “hot/cool” approach to understanding carjackers’ decisions. In The Oxford Handbook of Offender Decision Making, ed. W. Bernasco, J.L. van Gelder, & H. Elffers, pp. 611–32. New York: Oxford University Press.
Cherbonneau, M., and H. Copes (2003). Media construction of carjacking: A content analysis of newspaper articles from 1993–2002. Journal of Crime and Justice, 26(2), 1–21.
Clarke, R. V., & Eck, J. E. (2016). Crime analysis for problem solvers: In 60 small steps. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Community Oriented Policing Services.
Copes, H., A. Hochstetler, and M. Cherbonneau. (2012). Getting the upper hand: Scripts for managing victim resistance in carjackings. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 49(2), 249–268).
Deenihan, B. (2021). “Police challenged by dramatic increases in carjacking by juveniles.” PERF Daily Critical Issues Report. February 8. Washington, D.C.: Police Executive Research Forum.
National Public Radio (2021). “Chicago aims to deter juveniles from participating in carjackings” [Interview]. Morning Edition.
Davis, L. (2003). Carjacking – insights from South Africa to a new crime problem. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Criminology, 36(2), 173–191.
Dilli Babu, K., K. Aishwarya, B. Akilya, B. Gowsalya, and J. Reena (2020). Prevention of carjacking using face recognition. International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing, 9(1), 128–131.
Donahue, M., C. McLaughlin, and L. Damm (1994). Accounting for carjackings: An analysis of police records in a southeastern city. American Journal of Police, XIII (4), 91–111.
Felson, M., S. Nogueira de Melo., Y. Xu, and S. Jiang (2022). Carjacking: A comparison between Campinas, Brazil and Detroit, Michigan. Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, 38(1), 105–119.
Fies, A. (2020). “Why carjackings have skyrocketed in parts of the country during the pandemic.” ABCnews.go.com. December 23, 2020.
Harrell, E. (2022, October). Carjacking victimization, 1995–2021. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics.
Jacobs, B. (2012). Carjacking and copresence. Journal of Research in Crime & Delinquency, 49(4), 471–488.
Jacobs, B. (2013). The manipulation of fear in carjacking. Journal of Contemporary Ethnography, 42(5), 523–544.
Jacobs, B., and M. Cherbonneau. (2018). Perceived sanction threats and projective risk sensitivity: Auto theft, carjacking, and the channeling effect. Justice Quarterly, 35 (2), 191–222.
Jacobs, B., and M. Cherbonneau (2019). Carjacking and the management of natural surveillance. Journal of Criminal Justice, 61, 40–47.
Jacobs, B., and M. Cherbonneau (2023). Carjacking: Scope, structure, process, and prevention. Annual Review of Criminology, 6, 155–179.
Jacobs, B., V. Topalli, and R. Wright (2003). Carjacking, streetlife and offender motivation. British Journal of Criminology, 43(4), 673–688.
Johnson, R., S. Sterling, S. Jiang, and D. Poole (2018). Prolific offender surveillance and apprehension unit. Smart Policing Initiative. Washington D.C.: U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Assistance.
Klaus, P. (1999). Carjacking in the United States, 1992–96. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics.
Klaus, P. (2004). National Crime Victimization Survey: Carjacking, 1993–2002. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics.
Lersch, K. (2017). Risky places: An analysis of carjackings in Detroit. Journal of Criminal Justice, 52, 34–40.
Martin, S., and L. Sherman (1986). Catching career criminals: The Washington, D.C. repeat offender experiment. Washington, D.C.: Police Foundation.
Main, F. (2021a). “Inside the mind of a Chicago carjacker.” Retrieved on June 10, 2022, from https://chicago.suntimes.com/crime/2021/12/31/22848890/chicago-carjackin...
Main, F. (2021b). “To catch carjackers, Cook County Sheriff Tom Dart asks automakers for help.” Retrieved on June 10, 2022, from https://chicago.suntimes.com/politics/2021/12/9/22825829/carjacking-cook...
Miethe, T., W. Sousa (2010). Carjacking and its consequences: A situational analysis of risk factors for differential outcomes. Security Journal, 23(4), 241–258.
Morewitz, S. (2019). “Kidnapping: Carjacking and related crimes,” pp. 153–169 in Morewitz, Kidnapping and violence: New research and clinical perspectives. New York: Springer.
New Jersey Uniform Crime Reporting Unit (2002). Tenth annual carjacking offense report. State of New Jersey, Department of Law & Public Safety Division of State Police.
New Jersey Uniform Crime Reporting Unit (2016). Twenty-fourth annual carjacking offense report. State of New Jersey, Department of Law & Public Safety Division of State Police.
Rasa, G. (2020). “Carjackings are up, in the latest bleak development of 2020.” June 10, 2022, retrieved from Autoblog.com.
Rand, M. (1994). Carjacking: National crime victimization survey. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics.
Robertson, C. (2022). “‘I honestly believe it’s a game’: Why carjacking is on the rise among teens.” New York Times, March 21.
The Economist (2022). “Crime and no punishment; carjacking.” The Economist, February 12, p. 23.
Topalli, V., and R. Wright (2004). “Dubs and dees, beats and rims: carjackers and urban violence.” In Crime types: A text/reader, ed. D. Dabney, pp. 149–69. Belmont, Calif.: Wadsworth.
Topalli, V., S. Jacques, and R. Wright (2015). ‘It takes skills to take a car’: Perceptual and procedural expertise in carjacking. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 20, 19–25.
University of Chicago Crime Lab (2023). “A deeper look at what the data tells us about Chicago’s carjackings.” Accessed on March 24, 2023, at https://urbanlabs.uchicago.edu/projects/how-the-pandemic-is-accelerating...
Virojboonkiate, N., A. Chanakitkarnchok, P. Vateekul, and K. Rojviboonchai (2019). Public transport driver identification system using histogram of acceleration data. Journal of Advance Transportation, 2019: 1–15. doi.org/10.1155/2019/6372597
Wood Harper, D., and P. Walsh (2011). “Armed robbery and carjacking.” In C. Bryant (ed.), Routledge handbook of deviant behavior, pp. 527–533. Taylor & Francis Group.
Young, L., and M. Borzycki (2008). Carjacking in Australia: Recording issues and future directions. Trends & Issues in Criminal Justice, No. 351. Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology.