Endnotes

[1] FBI (2006).

[2] Curran et al. (2005); Holt and Spencer (2005).

[3] U.S. Department of Justice (2007).

[4] U.S. Department of Justice (2007).

[5] U.S. Department of Justice (2007); Smith (2003).

[6] U.S. Department of Justice (2007).

[7] Wright and Decker (1997).

[8] Klaus (2000).

[9] Tilley et al. (2004).

[10] Tilley et al. (2004).

[11] Cincinnati Police Department (2006, 2005).

[12] Pratt (1980).

[13] U.S. Department of Justice (2005).

[14] U.S. Department of Justice (2005).

[15] Roman and Chalfin (2007).

[16] Clarke (1999).

[17] Clarke (1999).

[18] Gale and Coupe (2005); Feeney (1986).

[19] Cook (2009).

[20] Cook (2009).

[21] Cook (1987).

[22] Cook (1987).

[23] Wright and Decker (1997).

[24] Jacobs and Wright (1999).

[25] Smith (2003).

[26] Smith (2003).

[27] "Sourcebook of Criminal Justice Statistics Online" (2006).

[28] Brantingham and Brantingham (1993).

[29] Brantingham and Brantingham (1981).

[30] Jacobs and Wright (1999).

[31] Brantingham and Brantingham (1981); Eck (1993).

[32] Wiles and Costello (2000).

[33] Clarke (1999).

[34] Adapted from Jacobs and Wright (1999).

[35] Gloucestershire Constabulary (2003).

[36] Clarke and Weisburd (1994).

[37] Kane (2006).

[38] Also see Eck and Clarke (2003).

[39] Burney (1990).

[40] Burney (1990).

[41] Stockdale and Gresham (1998).

[42] Burrows et al. (2003).

[43] Stockdale and Gresham (1998).

[44] Burrows et al. (2003).

[45] Burrows et al. (2003).

[46] Sutton (1998).

[47] Sutton (1998);Schneider (2005).

[48] Stockdale and Gresham (1998).

[49] Burrows et al. (2003).

[50] Burrows et al. (2003).

[51] Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Constabulary (2003).

[52] Gloucestershire Constabulary (2003).

[53] Gloucestershire Constabulary (2003).

[54] Wright and Decker (1997).

[55] Gloucestershire Constabulary (2003).

[56] Lowe (2008).

[57] Gloucestershire Constabulary (2003).

[58] Gloucestershire Constabulary (2003).

[59] University of Cincinnati Public Safety Division (2009).

[60] Burrows et al. (2003).

[61] Burrows et al. (2003).

[62] Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Constabulary (2003); "BBC News" (2005); Clarke (1997, 1995); Home Office (2009) http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/crime-victims/reducing-crime/robbery/.

[63] Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Constabulary (2003).

[64] Thomas (2001).

[65] Thomas (2001).

[66] Charlotte-Mecklenburg Police Department (2002).

[67] Ramsay and Newton (1991).

[68] See Farrington and Welsh (2007, 2002); Welsh and Farrington (2006).

[69] Sherman, Gartin and Buerger (1989).

[70] Greater Manchester Police, Bury Police Station (2005).

[71] Gloucestershire Constabulary (2003).

[72] Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Constabulary (2003).

[73] Block and Block (2000).

[74] Jacobs and Wright (1999).

[75] Gloucestershire Constabulary (2003).

[76] Newman and Socia (2007).

[77] Gloucestershire Constabulary (2003).

[78] Cook (2009).