Endnotes

[1] Klockars (1980).

[2] Langworthy (1989).

[3] Frazier (1994).

[4] Meyers (2000).

[5] Frazier (1994).

[6] Padgett (1998).

[7] Caplan (1983).

[8] Bensinger (1988).

[9] Weiner, Besachuk, and Stephens (1981).

[10] Law Enforcement Assistance Administration (LEAA) (1978).

[11] Pennell (1979).

[12] Weiner, Besachuk, and Stephens (1981); Cotter and Burrows (1981).

[13] Zimmer (1990).

[14] Zimmer (1990).

[15] Smith (2001).

[16] Dickson (1988).

[17] Willner et al. (2000).

[18] Dodge, Starr-Gemino, and Williams (2005); Marx (1992); Scholer (1999); Whitehead (2005).

[19] Marx (1992).

[20] Holderness (2003).

[21] Sallybanks (2001). [Full text]

[22] Cornejo (2006).

[23] Dorsey (2005); Terhune (2006); U.S. Department of Justice (2006).

[24] Demetriou and Silke (2003); Fulda (2005, 2002); Krone (2005, 2004); Scottberg, Yurcik, and Doss (2002).

[25] Lesce (1999); Duff-Brown (2006); Arvada (Colo.) Police Department (1996)[Full text].

[26] For a more detailed account of the benefits and negative consequences of stings see Colquitt (2004). [Full text]

[27] Webster et al. (2006).

[28] Marx (1985, 1982).

[29] Langworthy (1989); Langworthy and Le Beau (1992a, 1992b, 1990).

[30] Raub (1984). [Full text]

[31] Stinchcombe (1963).

[32] Allen, Luttrell and Kreeger (1999)[Full text].

[33] Lancashire Constabulary (2003)[Full text].